【芬兰语语法】§20.4 HYVYYS NOMINALS

 The third group of nominals with a basic form ending in -s is the type hyvyys

‘goodness’. This includes all nouns with a final -s preceded by a long vowel,

and many nouns with two different vowels preceding the final -s. All the

words in this group are derived forms, cf. hyvä ‘good’—hyv/yys ‘goodness’,

kaunis ‘beautiful’—kaune/us ‘beauty’, osa ‘part’—os/uus ‘share’. They

have several special sound alternations.

Inflectional stem followed by:

Basic Partitive Case Plural Possessive

form singular (except suffix

part. sing.)

hyvyys goodness hyvyyt/tä +hyvyyde/n hyvyyks/i/ä hyvyyte/ni

korkeus height korkeut/ta +korkeude/n korkeuks/i/a korkeute/ni

rakkaus love rakkaut/ta +rakkaude/n rakkauks/i/ssa rakkaute/ni

totuus truth totuut/ta +totuude/n totuuks/i/ssa totuute/ni

In hyvyys nominals -s changes to -te- in the inflectional stem of the

singular; before the plural -i, -s changes to -ks-; the partitive singular is

formed from the inflectional stem and -e- is dropped.

The declension of nominals 53

Strong grade Weak grade

totuutee/n into truth +totuude/n of truth

totuute/na as truth +totuude/ssa in truth

totuute/mme our truth +totuude/sta out of truth

+totuude/lla with truth